Stephen Liggett, MD

Senior Associate Vice President for Research, College of Medicine Office of Research

Vice Dean for Research, Morsani College of Medicine

Professor, Internal Medicine, Molecular Pharmacology & Physiology

Contact Info

• 560 Channelside Drive
  MDD 712
  Tampa FL 33602
• Academic Email: sliggett@usf.edu
• Academic Phone: (813) 974-7715
• View My C.V. | View My Lab Site

Education

Biography

Dr. Liggett is the Vice Dean for Research at USF’s Morsani College of Medicine. His lab studies the genetics, genomics, and molecular and cellular biology of G-protein coupled receptors (GPCRs).  He discovered the first nonsynonymous polymorphism of a GPCR, subsequently defining its function in cells and genetically modified mice. GPCRs are the targets of ~50% of currently prescribed drugs.  Delineation for the extensive variability within the superfamily opened the modern era of pharmacogenomics, where drug targets are now considered. The laboratory studies GPCRs in relation to heart and lung disease, but casts a broad net to understand inter-individual variability. For example, the group preformed complete genome sequencing of all known human rhinoviruses. This lead to superimposition of crystal structures, optimal-energy RNA conformation predictions, and phylogeny to ascertain the basis of rhinovirus induced GPCR dysfunction and asthma pathogenesis.

Interdisciplinary and Emerging Signature Programs

• Allergy, Immunology & Infectious Disease
• Cardiovascular

Awards/Honors

• Fellow (The American Institute for Medical and Biological Engineering (AIMBE) - 2018)

Recent Publications

• Mason DA, Moore JD, Green SA, Liggett SB. A gain-of-function polymorphism in a G-protein coupling domain of the human beta1-adrenergic receptor. The Journal of biological chemistry. 274(18) : 12670-4, 1999.
• Moore JD, Mason DA, Green SA, Hsu J, Liggett SB. Racial differences in the frequencies of cardiac beta(1)-adrenergic receptor polymorphisms: analysis of c145A>G and c1165G>C. Human mutation. 14(3) : 271, 1999.
• Liggett SB. Molecular and genetic basis of beta2-adrenergic receptor function. The Journal of allergy and clinical immunology. 104(2 Pt 2) : S42-6, 1999.
• Small K, Feng JF, Lorenz J, Donnelly ET, Yu A, Im MJ, Dorn GW, Liggett SB. Cardiac specific overexpression of transglutaminase II (G(h)) results in a unique hypertrophy phenotype independent of phospholipase C activation. The Journal of biological chemistry. 274(30) : 21291-6, 1999.
• Dorn GW, Tepe NM, Lorenz JN, Koch WJ, Liggett SB. Low- and high-level transgenic expression of beta2-adrenergic receptors differentially affect cardiac hypertrophy and function in Galphaq-overexpressing mice. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. 96(11) : 6400-5, 1999.
• Tepe NM, Liggett SB. Transgenic replacement of type V adenylyl cyclase identifies a critical mechanism of beta-adrenergic receptor dysfunction in the G alpha q overexpressing mouse. FEBS letters. 458(2) : 236-40, 1999.
• Liggett SB, Wagoner LE, Craft LL, Hornung RW, Hoit BD, McIntosh TC, Walsh RA. The Ile164 beta2-adrenergic receptor polymorphism adversely affects the outcome of congestive heart failure. The Journal of clinical investigation. 102(8) : 1534-9, 1998.
• McGraw DW, Forbes SL, Kramer LA, Liggett SB. Polymorphisms of the 5'' leader cistron of the human beta2-adrenergic receptor regulate receptor expression. The Journal of clinical investigation. 102(11) : 1927-32, 1998.
• Jewell-Motz EA, Donnelly ET, Eason MG, Liggett SB. Agonist-mediated downregulation of G alpha i via the alpha 2-adrenergic receptor is targeted by receptor-Gi interaction and is independent of receptor signaling and regulation. Biochemistry. 37(45) : 15720-5, 1998.
• Weir TD, Mallek N, Sandford AJ, Bai TR, Awadh N, Fitzgerald JM, Cockcroft D, James A, Liggett SB, Paré PD. beta2-Adrenergic receptor haplotypes in mild, moderate and fatal/near fatal asthma. American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine. 158(3) : 787-91, 1998.
• Liggett SB. Structural determinants of alpha 2-adrenergic receptor regulation. Advances in pharmacology (San Diego, Calif.). 42: 438-42, 1998.
• Sakata Y, Hoit BD, Liggett SB, Walsh RA, Dorn GW. Decompensation of pressure-overload hypertrophy in G alpha q-overexpressing mice. Circulation. 97(15) : 1488-95, 1998.
• McGraw DW, Donnelly ET, Eason MG, Green SA, Liggett SB. Role of beta ARK in long-term agonist-promoted desensitisation of the beta 2-adrenergic receptor. Cellular signalling. 10(3) : 197-204, 1998.
• Liggett SB. Pharmacogenetics of relevant targets in asthma. Clinical and experimental allergy : journal of the British Society for Allergy and Clinical Immunology. 28 Suppl 1: 77-9; discussion 80-1, 1998.
• Liang M, Eason MG, Jewell-Motz EA, Williams MA, Theiss CT, Dorn GW, Liggett SB. Phosphorylation and functional desensitization of the alpha2A-adrenergic receptor by protein kinase C. Molecular pharmacology. 54(1) : 44-9, 1998.
• Adams JW, Sakata Y, Davis MG, Sah VP, Wang Y, Liggett SB, Chien KR, Brown JH, Dorn GW. Enhanced Galphaq signaling: a common pathway mediates cardiac hypertrophy and apoptotic heart failure. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. 95(17) : 10140-5, 1998.
• McGraw DW, Liggett SB. Heterogeneity in beta-adrenergic receptor kinase expression in the lung accounts for cell-specific desensitization of the beta2-adrenergic receptor. The Journal of biological chemistry. 272(11) : 7338-44, 1997.
• Liggett SB. Polymorphisms of the beta2-adrenergic receptor and asthma. American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine. 156(4 Pt 2) : S156-62, 1997.
• Dorn GW, Oswald KJ, McCluskey TS, Kuhel DG, Liggett SB. Alpha 2A-adrenergic receptor stimulated calcium release is transduced by Gi-associated G(beta gamma)-mediated activation of phospholipase C. Biochemistry. 36(21) : 6415-23, 1997.
• Hoit BD, Khoury SF, Shao Y, Gabel M, Liggett SB, Walsh RA. Effects of thyroid hormone on cardiac beta-adrenergic responsiveness in conscious baboons. Circulation. 96(2) : 592-8, 1997.
• Jewell-Motz EA, Donnelly ET, Eason MG, Liggett SB. Role of the amino terminus of the third intracellular loop in agonist-promoted downregulation of the alpha2A-adrenergic receptor. Biochemistry. 36(29) : 8858-63, 1997.
• D''Angelo DD, Sakata Y, Lorenz JN, Boivin GP, Walsh RA, Liggett SB, Dorn GW. Transgenic Galphaq overexpression induces cardiac contractile failure in mice. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. 94(15) : 8121-6, 1997.
• Dewar JC, Wilkinson J, Wheatley A, Thomas NS, Doull I, Morton N, Lio P, Harvey JF, Liggett SB, Holgate ST, Hall IP. The glutamine 27 beta2-adrenoceptor polymorphism is associated with elevated IgE levels in asthmatic families. The Journal of allergy and clinical immunology. 100(2) : 261-5, 1997.
• Kiss E, Edes I, Sato Y, Luo W, Liggett SB, Kranias EG. beta-Adrenergic regulation of cAMP and protein phosphorylation in phospholamban-knockout mouse hearts. The American journal of physiology. 272(2 Pt 2) : H785-90, 1997.
• Jewell-Motz EA, Liggett SB. G protein-coupled receptor kinase specificity for phosphorylation and desensitization of alpha2-adrenergic receptor subtypes. The Journal of biological chemistry. 271(30) : 18082-7, 1996.
• Turki J, Lorenz JN, Green SA, Donnelly ET, Jacinto M, Liggett SB. Myocardial signaling defects and impaired cardiac function of a human beta 2-adrenergic receptor polymorphism expressed in transgenic mice. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. 93(19) : 10483-8, 1996.
• Green SA, Spasoff AP, Coleman RA, Johnson M, Liggett SB. Sustained activation of a G protein-coupled receptor via "anchored" agonist binding. Molecular localization of the salmeterol exosite within the 2-adrenergic receptor. The Journal of biological chemistry. 271(39) : 24029-35, 1996.
• Eason MG, Liggett SB. Chimeric mutagenesis of putative G-protein coupling domains of the alpha2A-adrenergic receptor. Localization of two redundant and fully competent gi coupling domains. The Journal of biological chemistry. 271(22) : 12826-32, 1996.
• Eason MG, Liggett SB. Identification of a Gs coupling domain in the amino terminus of the third intracellular loop of the alpha 2A-adrenergic receptor. Evidence for distinct structural determinants that confer Gs versus Gi coupling. The Journal of biological chemistry. 270(42) : 24753-60, 1995.
• Turki J, Green SA, Newman KB, Meyers MA, Liggett SB. Human lung cell beta 2-adrenergic receptors desensitize in response to in vivo administered beta-agonist. The American journal of physiology. 269(5 Pt 1) : L709-14, 1995.
• Liggett SB. Genetics of beta 2-adrenergic receptor variants in asthma. Clinical and experimental allergy : journal of the British Society for Allergy and Clinical Immunology. 25 Suppl 2: 89-94; discussion 95-6, 1995.
• Jewell-Motz EA, Liggett SB. An acidic motif within the third intracellular loop of the alpha2C2 adrenergic receptor is required for agonist-promoted phosphorylation and desensitization. Biochemistry. 34(37) : 11946-53, 1995.
• Freedman NJ, Liggett SB, Drachman DE, Pei G, Caron MG, Lefkowitz RJ. Phosphorylation and desensitization of the human beta 1-adrenergic receptor. Involvement of G protein-coupled receptor kinases and cAMP-dependent protein kinase. The Journal of biological chemistry. 270(30) : 17953-61, 1995.
• Green SA, Turki J, Hall IP, Liggett SB. Implications of genetic variability of human beta 2-adrenergic receptor structure. Pulmonary pharmacology. 8(1) : 1-10, 1995.
• Green SA, Turki J, Bejarano P, Hall IP, Liggett SB. Influence of beta 2-adrenergic receptor genotypes on signal transduction in human airway smooth muscle cells. American journal of respiratory cell and molecular biology. 13(1) : 25-33, 1995.
• Hall IP, Wheatley A, Wilding P, Liggett SB. Association of Glu 27 beta 2-adrenoceptor polymorphism with lower airway reactivity in asthmatic subjects. Lancet. 345(8959) : 1213-4, 1995.
• Turki J, Liggett SB. Receptor-specific functional properties of beta 2-adrenergic receptor autoantibodies in asthma. American journal of respiratory cell and molecular biology. 12(5) : 531-9, 1995.
• Turki J, Pak J, Green SA, Martin RJ, Liggett SB. Genetic polymorphisms of the beta 2-adrenergic receptor in nocturnal and nonnocturnal asthma. Evidence that Gly16 correlates with the nocturnal phenotype. The Journal of clinical investigation. 95(4) : 1635-41, 1995.
• Eason MG, Moreira SP, Liggett SB. Four consecutive serines in the third intracellular loop are the sites for beta-adrenergic receptor kinase-mediated phosphorylation and desensitization of the alpha 2A-adrenergic receptor. The Journal of biological chemistry. 270(9) : 4681-8, 1995.
• Liggett SB, Levi R, Metzger H. G-protein coupled receptors, nitric oxide, and the IgE receptor in asthma. American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine. 152(1) : 394-402, 1995.
• Green SA, Turki J, Innis M, Liggett SB. Amino-terminal polymorphisms of the human beta 2-adrenergic receptor impart distinct agonist-promoted regulatory properties. Biochemistry. 33(32) : 9414-9, 1994.
• Green SA, Liggett SB. A proline-rich region of the third intracellular loop imparts phenotypic beta 1-versus beta 2-adrenergic receptor coupling and sequestration. The Journal of biological chemistry. 269(42) : 26215-9, 1994.
• Eason MG, Jacinto MT, Theiss CT, Liggett SB. The palmitoylated cysteine of the cytoplasmic tail of alpha 2A-adrenergic receptors confers subtype-specific agonist-promoted downregulation. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. 91(23) : 11178-82, 1994.
• Eason MG, Jacinto MT, Liggett SB. Contribution of ligand structure to activation of alpha 2-adrenergic receptor subtype coupling to Gs. Molecular pharmacology. 45(4) : 696-702, 1994.
• Reihsaus E, Innis M, MacIntyre N, Liggett SB. Mutations in the gene encoding for the beta 2-adrenergic receptor in normal and asthmatic subjects. American journal of respiratory cell and molecular biology. 8(3) : 334-9, 1993.
• Thomas RF, Liggett SB. Lack of beta 3-adrenergic receptor mRNA expression in adipose and other metabolic tissues in the adult human. Molecular pharmacology. 43(3) : 343-8, 1993.
• Liggett SB, Raymond JR. Pharmacology and molecular biology of adrenergic receptors. Baillière''s clinical endocrinology and metabolism. 7(2) : 279-306, 1993.
• Liggett SB, Freedman NJ, Schwinn DA, Lefkowitz RJ. Structural basis for receptor subtype-specific regulation revealed by a chimeric beta 3/beta 2-adrenergic receptor. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. 90(8) : 3665-9, 1993.
• Eason MG, Liggett SB. Functional alpha 2-adrenergic receptor-Gs coupling undergoes agonist-promoted desensitization in a subtype-selective manner. Biochemical and biophysical research communications. 193(1) : 318-23, 1993.
• Eason MG, Liggett SB. Human alpha 2-adrenergic receptor subtype distribution: widespread and subtype-selective expression of alpha 2C10, alpha 2C4, and alpha 2C2 mRNA in multiple tissues. Molecular pharmacology. 44(1) : 70-5, 1993.
• Green SA, Cole G, Jacinto M, Innis M, Liggett SB. A polymorphism of the human beta 2-adrenergic receptor within the fourth transmembrane domain alters ligand binding and functional properties of the receptor. The Journal of biological chemistry. 268(31) : 23116-21, 1993.
• Green SA, Holt BD, Liggett SB. Beta 1- and beta 2-adrenergic receptors display subtype-selective coupling to Gs. Molecular pharmacology. 41(5) : 889-93, 1992.
• Thomas RF, Holt BD, Schwinn DA, Liggett SB. Long-term agonist exposure induces upregulation of beta 3-adrenergic receptor expression via multiple cAMP response elements. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. 89(10) : 4490-4, 1992.
• Saffitz JE, Liggett SB. Subcellular distribution of beta 2-adrenergic receptors delineated with quantitative ultrastructural autoradiography of radioligand binding sites. Circulation research. 70(6) : 1320-5, 1992.
• Kraus WE, Longabaugh JP, Liggett SB. Electrical pacing induces adenylyl cyclase in skeletal muscle independent of the beta-adrenergic receptor. The American journal of physiology. 263(2 Pt 1) : E226-30, 1992.
• Eason MG, Kurose H, Holt BD, Raymond JR, Liggett SB. Simultaneous coupling of alpha 2-adrenergic receptors to two G-proteins with opposing effects. Subtype-selective coupling of alpha 2C10, alpha 2C4, and alpha 2C2 adrenergic receptors to Gi and Gs. The Journal of biological chemistry. 267(22) : 15795-801, 1992.
• Liggett SB. Functional properties of the rat and human beta 3-adrenergic receptors: differential agonist activation of recombinant receptors in Chinese hamster ovary cells. Molecular pharmacology. 42(4) : 634-7, 1992.
• Liggett SB, Ostrowski J, Chesnut LC, Kurose H, Raymond JR, Caron MG, Lefkowitz RJ. Sites in the third intracellular loop of the alpha 2A-adrenergic receptor confer short term agonist-promoted desensitization. Evidence for a receptor kinase-mediated mechanism. The Journal of biological chemistry. 267(7) : 4740-6, 1992.
• Eason MG, Liggett SB. Subtype-selective desensitization of alpha 2-adrenergic receptors. Different mechanisms control short and long term agonist-promoted desensitization of alpha 2C10, alpha 2C4, and alpha 2C2. The Journal of biological chemistry. 267(35) : 25473-9, 1992.
• Schwinn DA, Leone BJ, Spahn DR, Chesnut LC, Page SO, McRae RL, Liggett SB. Desensitization of myocardial beta-adrenergic receptors during cardiopulmonary bypass. Evidence for early uncoupling and late downregulation. Circulation. 84(6) : 2559-67, 1991.
• Schwinn DA, Page SO, Middleton JP, Lorenz W, Liggett SB, Yamamoto K, Lapetina EG, Caron MG, Lefkowitz RJ, Cotecchia S. The alpha 1C-adrenergic receptor: characterization of signal transduction pathways and mammalian tissue heterogeneity. Molecular pharmacology. 40(5) : 619-26, 1991.
• Liggett SB. Desensitization of the beta-adrenergic receptor: distinct molecular determinants of phosphorylation by specific kinases. Pharmacological research : the official journal of the Italian Pharmacological Society. 24 Suppl 1: 29-41, 1991.
• Liggett SB, Caron MG, Lefkowitz RJ, Hnatowich M. Coupling of a mutated form of the human beta 2-adrenergic receptor to Gi and Gs. Requirement for multiple cytoplasmic domains in the coupling process. The Journal of biological chemistry. 266(8) : 4816-21, 1991.
• Bates MD, Senogles SE, Bunzow JR, Liggett SB, Civelli O, Caron MG. Regulation of responsiveness at D2 dopamine receptors by receptor desensitization and adenylyl cyclase sensitization. Molecular pharmacology. 39(1) : 55-63, 1991.
• Liggett SB, Ostrowski J, Chesnut LC, Caron MG, Lefkowitz RJ. Role of the beta-adrenergic receptor kinase in desensitization of the alpha 2-adrenergic receptor. Transactions of the Association of American Physicians. 104: 40-7, 1991.
• Liggett SB, Schwinn DA. Multiple potential regulatory elements in the 5'' flanking region of the beta 3-adrenergic receptor. DNA sequence : the journal of DNA sequencing and mapping. 2(1) : 61-3, 1991.
• Dejgaard A, Liggett SB, Christensen NJ, Cryer PE, Hilsted J. Adrenergic receptors are a fallible index of adrenergic denervation hypersensitivity. Scandinavian journal of clinical and laboratory investigation. 51(8) : 659-66, 1991.
• Liggett SB, Renfro AD. Energy expenditures of mechanically ventilated nonsurgical patients. Chest. 98(3) : 682-6, 1990.
• Hausdorff WP, Lohse MJ, Bouvier M, Liggett SB, Caron MG, Lefkowitz RJ. Two kinases mediate agonist-dependent phosphorylation and desensitization of the beta 2-adrenergic receptor. Symposia of the Society for Experimental Biology. 44: 225-40, 1990.
• Liggett SB, Shah SD, Cryer PE. Human tissue adrenergic receptors are not predictive of responses to epinephrine in vivo. The American journal of physiology. 256(5 Pt 1) : E600-9, 1989.
• Liggett SB, Bouvier M, Hausdorff WP, O''Dowd B, Caron MG, Lefkowitz RJ. Altered patterns of agonist-stimulated cAMP accumulation in cells expressing mutant beta 2-adrenergic receptors lacking phosphorylation sites. Molecular pharmacology. 36(4) : 641-6, 1989.
• Liggett SB, Bouvier M, O''Dowd BF, Caron MG, Lefkowitz RJ, DeBlasi A. Substitution of an extracellular cysteine in the beta 2-adrenergic receptor enhances agonist-promoted phosphorylation and receptor desensitization. Biochemical and biophysical research communications. 165(1) : 257-63, 1989.
• Liggett SB. Beta-adrenoceptor-effector system of the human macrophage U937 cell line. European journal of pharmacology. 163(1) : 171-4, 1989.
• Liggett SB. Identification and characterization of a homogeneous population of beta 2-adrenergic receptors on human alveolar macrophages. The American review of respiratory disease. 139(2) : 552-5, 1989.
• Liggett SB, Shah SD, Cryer PE. Increased fat and skeletal muscle beta-adrenergic receptors but unaltered metabolic and hemodynamic sensitivity to epinephrine in vivo in experimental human thyrotoxicosis. The Journal of clinical investigation. 83(3) : 803-9, 1989.
• Boyle PJ, Liggett SB, Shah SD, Cryer PE. Direct muscarinic cholinergic inhibition of hepatic glucose production in humans. The Journal of clinical investigation. 82(2) : 445-9, 1988.
• Liggett SB, Marker JC, Shah SD, Roper CL, Cryer PE. Direct relationship between mononuclear leukocyte and lung beta-adrenergic receptors and apparent reciprocal regulation of extravascular, but not intravascular, alpha- and beta-adrenergic receptors by the sympathochromaffin system in humans. The Journal of clinical investigation. 82(1) : 48-56, 1988.
• Liggett SB, Daughaday CC, Senior RM. Ipratropium in patients with COPD receiving cholinesterase inhibitors. Chest. 94(1) : 210-2, 1988.
• Liggett SB, Shah SD, Cryer PE. Characterization of beta-adrenergic receptors of human skeletal muscle obtained by needle biopsy. The American journal of physiology. 254(6 Pt 1) : E795-8, 1988.
• Woo JA, Yan Y, Kee TR, Cazzaro S, McGill Percy KC, Wang X, Liu T, Liggett SB, Kang DE β- arrestin1 promotes tauopathy by transducing GPCR signaling, disrupting microtubules and autophagy Life Science Alliance. 5(3) , 2021.
• Cardet JC, Kim D, Bleecker ER, Casale TB, Israel E, Mauger D, Meyers DA, Ampleford E, Hawkins GA, Tu Y, Liggett SB, Ortega VE; SARP-3 investigators Clinical and molecular implications of RGS2 promoter genetic variation in severe asthma Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology. 150(3) : 721-726, 2022.
• Enten GA, Gao X, Strzelinski HR, Weche M, Liggett SB, Majetschak M a1B/D-adrenoceptors regulate chemokine receptor-mediated leukocyte migration via formation of heteromeric receptor complexes Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. 119(20) , 2022.
• Woo JA, Castaño M, Kee TR, Lee J, Koziol-White CJ, An SS, Kim D, Kang DE, Liggett SB A Par3/LIM Kinase/Cofilin Pathway Mediates Human Airway Smooth Muscle Relaxation by TAS2R14 American Journal of Respiratory Cell and Molecular Biology. 68(4) : 417-429, 2023.
• Kim D, Castaño M, Lujan LK, Woo JA, and Liggett SB. The short third intracellular loop and cytoplasmic tail of bitter taste receptors provide functionally relevant GRK phosphorylation sites in TAS2R14 J Biol Chem. , 2021.
• Bristow MR, Murphy GA, Krause-Steinrauf H, Anderson JL, Carlquist JF, Thaneemit-Chen S, Krishnan V, Abraham WT, Lowes BD, Port JD, Davis GW, Lazzeroni LC, Robertson AD, Lavori PW, Liggett SB. An alpha2C-adrenergic receptor polymorphism alters the norepinephrine-lowering effects and therapeutic response of the beta-blocker bucindolol in chronic heart failure. Circulation. Heart failure. 3(1) : 21-8, 2010.
• Tokmakova A, Kim D, Guthrie B, Kim SK, Goddard WA 3rd, Liggett SB Predicted structure and cell signaling of TAS2R14 reveal receptor hyper-flexibility for detecting diverse bitter tastes iScience. 26(4) , 2023.
• Deshpande DA, Wang WC, McIlmoyle EL, Robinett KS, Schillinger RM, An SS, Sham JS, Liggett SB. Bitter taste receptors on airway smooth muscle bronchodilate by localized calcium signaling and reverse obstruction. Nature medicine. 16(11) : 1299-304, 2010.
• Jagatheesan G, Rajan S, Ahmed RP, Petrashevskaya N, Boivin G, Arteaga GM, Tae HJ, Liggett SB, Solaro RJ, Wieczorek DF. Striated muscle tropomyosin isoforms differentially regulate cardiac performance and myofilament calcium sensitivity. Journal of muscle research and cell motility. 31(3) : 227-39, 2010.
• Panebra A, Wang WC, Malone MM, Pitter DR, Weiss ST, Hawkins GA, Liggett SB. Common ADRB2 haplotypes derived from 26 polymorphic sites direct beta2-adrenergic receptor expression and regulation phenotypes. PloS one. 5(7) : e11819, 2010.
• Donghwa Kim Alina Tokmakova Lauren K, Lujan Hannah R, Strzelinski Nicholas Kim Maliheh Najari Beidokhti Marc A, Giulianotti Amirhossein Mafi Jung-A A, Woo Steven S, An William A, Goddard III and Stephen B, Ligget. Identification and characterization of an atypical Gαs-biased β2AR agonist that fails to evoke airway smooth muscle cell tachyphylaxis PNAS. 118(49) , 2021.
• Palmenberg AC, Rathe JA, Liggett SB. Analysis of the complete genome sequences of human rhinovirus. The Journal of allergy and clinical immunology. 125(6) : 1190-9; quiz 1200-1, 2010.
• Rathe JA, Liu X, Tallon LJ, Gern JE, Liggett SB. Full-genome sequence and analysis of a novel human rhinovirus strain within a divergent HRV-A clade. Archives of virology. 155(1) : 83-7, 2010.
• Liggett SB. Pharmacogenomics of beta1-adrenergic receptor polymorphisms in heart failure. Heart failure clinics. 6(1) : 27-33, 2010.
• Rajan S, Jagatheesan G, Karam CN, Alves ML, Bodi I, Schwartz A, Bulcao CF, D''Souza KM, Akhter SA, Boivin GP, Dube DK, Petrashevskaya N, Herr AB, Hullin R, Liggett SB, Wolska BM, Solaro RJ, Wieczorek DF. Molecular and functional characterization of a novel cardiac-specific human tropomyosin isoform. Circulation. 121(3) : 410-8, 2010.
• Wang WC, Mihlbachler KA, Brunnett AC, Liggett SB. Targeted transgenesis reveals discrete attenuator functions of GRK and PKA in airway beta2-adrenergic receptor physiologic signaling. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. 106(35) : 15007-12, 2009.
• Woo JA, Liu T, Fang CC, Castaño MA, Kee T, Yrigoin K, Yan Y, Cazzaro S, Matlack J, Wang X, Zhao X, Kang DE, Liggett SB. β-Arrestin2 oligomers impair the clearance of pathological tau and increase tau aggregates. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. 117(9) : 5006-5015, 2020.
• Woo JA, Liu T, Fang CC, Cazzaro S, Kee T, LePochat P, Yrigoin K, Penn C, Zhao X, Wang X, Liggett SB, Kang DE. Activated cofilin exacerbates tau pathology by impairing tau-mediated microtubule dynamics. Communications biology. 2: 112, 2019.
• Kilic O, Yoon A, Shah SR, Yong HM, Ruiz-Valls A, Chang H, Panettieri RA, Liggett SB, Quiñones-Hinojosa A, An SS, Levchenko A. A microphysiological model of the bronchial airways reveals the interplay of mechanical and biochemical signals in bronchospasm. Nature biomedical engineering. 3(7) : 532-544, 2019.
• Liggett SB. alpha2A-adrenergic receptors in the genetics, pathogenesis, and treatment of type 2 diabetes. Science translational medicine. 1(12) : 12ps15, 2009.
• Woo JA, Castaño M, Goss A, Kim D, Lewandowski EM, Chen Y, Liggett SB. Differential long-term regulation of TAS2R14 by structurally distinct agonists. FASEB journal : official publication of the Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology. 33(11) : 12213-12225, 2019.
• Palmenberg AC, Spiro D, Kuzmickas R, Wang S, Djikeng A, Rathe JA, Fraser-Liggett CM, Liggett SB. Sequencing and analyses of all known human rhinovirus genomes reveal structure and evolution. Science (New York, N.Y.). 324(5923) : 55-9, 2009.
• Jagatheesan G, Rajan S, Schulz EM, Ahmed RP, Petrashevskaya N, Schwartz A, Boivin GP, Arteaga GM, Wang T, Wang YG, Ashraf M, Liggett SB, Lorenz J, Solaro RJ, Wieczorek DF. An internal domain of beta-tropomyosin increases myofilament Ca(2+) sensitivity. American journal of physiology. Heart and circulatory physiology. 297(1) : H181-90, 2009.
• Dorn GW, Liggett SB. Mechanisms of pharmacogenomic effects of genetic variation within the cardiac adrenergic network in heart failure. Molecular pharmacology. 76(3) : 466-80, 2009.
• Parikh V, Scala J, Patel R, Corbi C, Lo D, Bochkov YA, Kennedy JL, Kurten RC, Liggett SB, Gern JE, Koziol-White CJ. Rhinovirus C15 Induces Airway Hyperresponsiveness Via Calcium Mobilization in Airway Smooth Muscle. American journal of respiratory cell and molecular biology. , 2019.
• Wang WC, Mihlbachler KA, Bleecker ER, Weiss ST, Liggett SB. A polymorphism of G-protein coupled receptor kinase5 alters agonist-promoted desensitization of beta2-adrenergic receptors. Pharmacogenetics and genomics. 18(8) : 729-32, 2008.
• An SS Liggett SB. Taste and smell GPCRs in the lung: Evidence for a previously unrecognized widespread chemosensory system. Cell Signal.. 41: 82-88, 2018.
• Litonjua AA, Lasky-Su J, Schneiter K, Tantisira KG, Lazarus R, Klanderman B, Lima JJ, Irvin CG, Peters SP, Hanrahan JP, Liggett SB, Hawkins GA, Meyers DA, Bleecker ER, Lange C, Weiss ST. ARG1 is a novel bronchodilator response gene: screening and replication in four asthma cohorts. American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine. 178(7) : 688-94, 2008.
• Kim D Cho S Woo JA Liggett SB. A CREB-mediated increase in miRNA let-7f during prolonged β-agonist exposure: a novel mechanism of β2-adrenergic receptor down-regulation in airway smooth muscle. FASEB J.. , 2018.
• Liggett SB. Genetic Vulnerability of GPCRs: A Call to Action. Trends in biochemical sciences. 43(4) : 227-229, 2018.
• Swift SM, Gaume BR, Small KM, Aronow BJ, Liggett SB. Differential coupling of Arg- and Gly389 polymorphic forms of the beta1-adrenergic receptor leads to pathogenic cardiac gene regulatory programs. Physiological genomics. 35(1) : 123-31, 2008.
• Xu H Dorn II GW Shetty A Parihar A Dave T Robinson SW Gottlieb SS Donahue MP Tomaselli GF Kraus WE Mitchell BD Liggett SB. A genome-wide association study of idiopathic dilated cardiomyopathy in African Americans. J Pers Med.. 8(11) : doi:10.3390/jpm8010011, 2018.
• Panettieri RA, Pera T, Liggett SB, Benovic JL, Penn RB. Pepducins as a potential treatment strategy for asthma and COPD. Current opinion in pharmacology. 40: 120-125, 2018.
• Kim D, Woo JA, Geffken E, An SS, Liggett SB. Coupling of Airway Smooth Muscle TAS2Rs to Intracellular Signaling and Relaxation is via Gαi1,2,3. American journal of respiratory cell and molecular biology. , 2017.
• Koziol-White CJ, Yoo EJ, Cao G, Zhang J, Papanikolaou E, Pushkarsky I, Andrews A, Himes BE, Damoiseaux RD, Liggett SB, Di Carlo D, Kurten RC, Panettieri RA. Inhibition of Phosphoinositide 3-Kinase (PI3K) promotes dilation of human small airways in a Rho kinase-dependent manner. British journal of pharmacology. , 2016.
• Kim D, Pauer SH, Yong HM, An SS, Liggett SB. β2-adrenergic Receptors Chaperone Trapped Bitter Taste Receptor 14 to the Cell Surface as a Heterodimer and Exert Unidirectional Desensitization of Taste Receptor Function. The Journal of biological chemistry. , 2016.
• Sehnert AJ, Daniels SE, Elashoff M, Wingrove JA, Burrow CR, Horne B, Muhlestein JB, Donahue M, Liggett SB, Anderson JL, Kraus WE. Lack of association between adrenergic receptor genotypes and survival in heart failure patients treated with carvedilol or metoprolol. Journal of the American College of Cardiology. 52(8) : 644-51, 2008.
• Kardia SL, Kelly RJ, Keddache MA, Aronow BJ, Grabowski GA, Hahn HS, Case KL, Wagoner LE, Dorn GW, Liggett SB. Multiple interactions between the alpha 2C- and beta1-adrenergic receptors influence heart failure survival. BMC medical genetics. 9: 93, 2008.
• Petrashevskaya N, Gaume BR, Mihlbachler KA, Dorn GW, Liggett SB. Bitransgenesis with beta(2)-adrenergic receptors or adenylyl cyclase fails to improve beta(1)-adrenergic receptor cardiomyopathy. Clinical and translational science. 1(3) : 221-7, 2008.
• An SS, Mitzner W, Tang WY, Ahn K, Yoon AR, Huang J, Kilic O, Yong HM, Fahey JW, Kumar S, Biswal S, Holgate ST, Panettieri RA, Solway J, Liggett SB. An inflammation-independent contraction mechanophenotype of airway smooth muscle in asthma. The Journal of allergy and clinical immunology. 138(1) : 294-297.e4, 2016.
• Dorn GW, Liggett SB. Pharmacogenomics of beta-adrenergic receptors and their accessory signaling proteins in heart failure. Clinical and translational science. 1(3) : 255-62, 2008.
• Bridges TM, Scheraga RG, Tulapurkar ME, Suffredini D, Liggett SB, Ramarathnam A, Potla R, Singh IS, Hasday JD. Polymorphisms in human heat shock factor-1 and analysis of potential biological consequences. Cell Stress Chaperones. 20(1) : 47-59, 2015.
• Liggett SB, Cresci S, Kelly RJ, Syed FM, Matkovich SJ, Hahn HS, Diwan A, Martini JS, Sparks L, Parekh RR, Spertus JA, Koch WJ, Kardia SL, Dorn GW. A GRK5 polymorphism that inhibits beta-adrenergic receptor signaling is protective in heart failure. Nature medicine. 14(5) : 510-7, 2008.
• Fox CS, Hall JL, Arnett DK, Ashley EA, Delles C, Engler MB, Freeman MW, Johnson JA, Lanfear DE, Liggett SB, Lusis AJ, Loscalzo J, MacRae CA, Musunuru K, Newby LK, O''Donnell CJ, Rich SS, Terzic A. Future translational applications from the contemporary genomics era: a scientific statement from the American Heart Association. Circulation. 131(19) : 1715-36, 2015.
• Panebra A, Schwarb MR, Swift SM, Weiss ST, Bleecker ER, Hawkins GA, Liggett SB. Variable-length poly-C tract polymorphisms of the beta2-adrenergic receptor 3''-UTR alter expression and agonist regulation. American journal of physiology. Lung cellular and molecular physiology. 294(2) : L190-5, 2008.
• Small KM, Mialet-Perez J, Liggett SB. Genetic variation within the beta1-adrenergic receptor gene results in haplotype-specific expression phenotypes. Journal of cardiovascular pharmacology. 51(1) : 106-10, 2008.
• Einstein R, Jordan H, Zhou W, Brenner M, Moses EG, Liggett SB. Alternative splicing of the G protein-coupled receptor superfamily in human airway smooth muscle diversifies the complement of receptors. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. 105(13) : 5230-5, 2008.
• Camoretti-Mercado B, Pauer SH, Yong HM, Smith DC, Deshpande DA, An SS, Liggett SB. Pleiotropic Effects of Bitter Taste Receptors on [Ca2+]i Mobilization, Hyperpolarization, and Relaxation of Human Airway Smooth Muscle Cells. PloS One. 10(6) : e0131582, 2015.
• Robinett KS, Koziol-White CJ, Akoluk A, An SS, Panettieri Jr RA, Liggett SB. Bitter Taste Receptor Function in Asthmatic and Nonasthmatic Human Airway Smooth Muscle Cells. Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol. 50(4) : 678-683, 2014.
• Liggett SB, Kelly RJ, Parekh RR, Matkovich SJ, Benner BJ, Hahn HS, Syed FM, Galvez AS, Case KL, McGuire N, Odley AM, Sparks L, Kardia SL, Dorn GW. A functional polymorphism of the Galphaq (GNAQ) gene is associated with accelerated mortality in African-American heart failure. Human molecular genetics. 16(22) : 2740-50, 2007.
• Taylor MR, Sun AY, Davis G, Fiuzat M, Liggett SB, Bristow MR. Race, common genetic variation, and therapeutic response disparities in heart failure. JACC. Heart failure. 2(6) : 561-72, 2014.
• Petrashevskaya N, Liggett SB. Tight control of adrenal medulla catecholamine release by alpha 2C-adrenergic receptors influences susceptibility to heart failure. Cardiovascular research. 75(4) : 631-3, 2007.
• Wang WC, Pauer SH, Smith DC, Dixon MA, Disimile DJ, Panebra A, An SS, Camoretti-Mercado B, Liggett SB. Targeted transgenesis identifies Gαs as the bottleneck in β2-adrenergic receptor cell signaling and physiological function in airway smooth muscle. Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol. 307(10) : L775-80, 2014.
• Panebra A, Schwarb MR, Glinka CB, Liggett SB. Heterogeneity of transcription factor expression and regulation in human airway epithelial and smooth muscle cells. American journal of physiology. Lung cellular and molecular physiology. 293(2) : L453-62, 2007.
• Liggett SB. Bitter taste receptors in the wrong place: novel airway smooth muscle targets for treating asthma. Transactions of the American Clinical and Climatological Association. 125: 64-74; discussion 74-5, 2014.
• Rajan S, Ahmed RP, Jagatheesan G, Petrashevskaya N, Boivin GP, Urboniene D, Arteaga GM, Wolska BM, Solaro RJ, Liggett SB, Wieczorek DF. Dilated cardiomyopathy mutant tropomyosin mice develop cardiac dysfunction with significantly decreased fractional shortening and myofilament calcium sensitivity. Circulation research. 101(2) : 205-14, 2007.
• Swift SM, Schwarb MR, Mihlbachler KA, Liggett SB. Pleiotropic beta-agonist-promoted receptor conformations and signals independent of intrinsic activity. American journal of respiratory cell and molecular biology. 36(2) : 236-43, 2007.
• Liggett SB, Bochkov YA, Pappas T, Lemanske RF, Gern JE, Sengamalay N, Zhao X, Su Q, Fraser CM, Palmenberg AC. Genome sequences of rhinovirus a isolates from wisconsin pediatric respiratory studies. Genome Announc. 2(2) , 2014.
• Panebra A, Schwarb MR, Glinka CB, Liggett SB. Allele-specific binding of airway nuclear extracts to polymorphic beta2-adrenergic receptor 5'' sequence. American journal of respiratory cell and molecular biology. 36(6) : 654-60, 2007.
• Liggett SB, Bochkov YA, Pappas T, Lemanske RF, Gern JE, Sengamalay N, Zhao X, Su Q, Fraser CM, Palmenberg AC. Genome sequences of rhinovirus C isolates from wisconsin pediatric respiratory studies. Genome Announc. 2(2) , 2014.
• Liggett SB. Long-distance affair with adrenal GRK2 hangs up heart failure. Nature medicine. 13(3) : 246-8, 2007.
• Liggett SB, Bochkov YA, Pappas T, Lemanske RF, Gern JE, Sengamalay N, Zhao X, Su Q, Fraser CM, Palmenberg AC. Genome sequences of rhinovirus B isolates from wisconsin pediatric respiratory studies. Genome announcements. 2(2) , 2014.
• McGraw DW, Elwing JM, Fogel KM, Wang WC, Glinka CB, Mihlbachler KA, Rothenberg ME, Liggett SB. Crosstalk between Gi and Gq/Gs pathways in airway smooth muscle regulates bronchial contractility and relaxation. The Journal of clinical investigation. 117(5) : 1391-8, 2007.
• Duan QL, Du R, Lasky-Su J, Klanderman BJ, Partch AB, Peters SP, Irvin CG, Hanrahan JP, Lima JJ, Blake KV, Liggett SB, Litonjua AA, Tantisira KG. A polymorphism in the thyroid hormone receptor gene is associated with bronchodilator response in asthmatics. The pharmacogenomics journal. 13(2) : 130-6, 2013.
• Jagatheesan G, Rajan S, Petrashevskaya N, Schwartz A, Boivin G, Arteaga GM, Solaro RJ, Liggett SB, Wieczorek DF. Rescue of tropomyosin-induced familial hypertrophic cardiomyopathy mice by transgenesis. American journal of physiology. Heart and circulatory physiology. 293(2) : H949-58, 2007.
• Liggett SB. Genetic variability of the beta2 adrenergic receptor and asthma exacerbations. Thorax. 61(11) : 925-7, 2006.
• Hawkins GA, Tantisira K, Meyers DA, Ampleford EJ, Moore WC, Klanderman B, Liggett SB, Peters SP, Weiss ST, Bleecker ER. Sequence, haplotype, and association analysis of ADRbeta2 in a multiethnic asthma case-control study. American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine. 174(10) : 1101-9, 2006.
• Liggett SB. Bitter taste receptors on airway smooth muscle as targets for novel bronchodilators. Expert opinion on therapeutic targets. 17(6) : 721-31, 2013.
• Mialet-Perez J, Liggett SB. Pharmacogenetics of beta1-adrenergic receptors in heart failure and hypertension. Archives des maladies du coeur et des vaisseaux. 99(6) : 616-20, 2006.
• McGraw DW, Fogel KM, Kong S, Litonjua AA, Kranias EG, Aronow BJ, Liggett SB. Transcriptional response to persistent beta2-adrenergic receptor signaling reveals regulation of phospholamban, which alters airway contractility. Physiological genomics. 27(2) : 171-7, 2006.
• Aleong RG, Sauer WH, Robertson AD, Liggett SB, Bristow MR. Adrenergic receptor polymorphisms and prevention of ventricular arrhythmias with bucindolol in patients with chronic heart failure. Circulation. Arrhythmia and electrophysiology. 6(1) : 137-43, 2013.
• Liggett SB, Mialet-Perez J, Thaneemit-Chen S, Weber SA, Greene SM, Hodne D, Nelson B, Morrison J, Domanski MJ, Wagoner LE, Abraham WT, Anderson JL, Carlquist JF, Krause-Steinrauf HJ, Lazzeroni LC, Port JD, Lavori PW, Bristow MR. A polymorphism within a conserved beta(1)-adrenergic receptor motif alters cardiac function and beta-blocker response in human heart failure. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. 103(30) : 11288-93, 2006.
• Aleong RG, Sauer WH, Davis G, Murphy GA, Port JD, Anand IS, Fiuzat M, O''Connor CM, Abraham WT, Liggett SB, Bristow MR. Prevention of Atrial Fibrillation by Bucindolol Is Dependent on the Beta1389 Arg/Gly Adrenergic Receptor Polymorphism. JACC. Heart failure. 1(4) : 338-344, 2013.
• Clark AA, Liggett SB, Munger SD. Extraoral bitter taste receptors as mediators of off-target drug effects. FASEB journal : official publication of the Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology. 26(12) : 4827-31, 2012.
• McGraw DW, Mihlbachler KA, Schwarb MR, Rahman FF, Small KM, Almoosa KF, Liggett SB. Airway smooth muscle prostaglandin-EP1 receptors directly modulate beta2-adrenergic receptors within a unique heterodimeric complex. The Journal of clinical investigation. 116(5) : 1400-9, 2006.
• Liggett SB. Beta2-adrenergic receptor polymorphisms and sudden cardiac death: a signal to follow. Circulation. 113(15) : 1818-20, 2006.
• An SS, Robinett KS, Deshpande DA, Wang WC, Liggett SB. Reply to: Activation of BK channels may not be required for bitter tastant-induced bronchodilation. Nature medicine. 18(5) : 650-1, 2012.
• Small KM, Schwarb MR, Glinka C, Theiss CT, Brown KM, Seman CA, Liggett SB. Alpha2A- and alpha2C-adrenergic receptors form homo- and heterodimers: the heterodimeric state impairs agonist-promoted GRK phosphorylation and beta-arrestin recruitment. Biochemistry. 45(15) : 4760-7, 2006.
• Liggett SB. Cardiac 7-transmembrane-spanning domain receptor portfolios: diversify, diversify, diversify. The Journal of clinical investigation. 116(4) : 875-7, 2006.
• An SS, Wang WC, Koziol-White CJ, Ahn K, Lee DY, Kurten RC, Panettieri RA, Liggett SB. TAS2R activation promotes airway smooth muscle relaxation despite β(2)-adrenergic receptor tachyphylaxis. Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol. 303(4) : L304-11, 2012.
• Small KM, Brown KM, Seman CA, Theiss CT, Liggett SB. Complex haplotypes derived from noncoding polymorphisms of the intronless alpha2A-adrenergic gene diversify receptor expression. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. 103(14) : 5472-7, 2006.
• O''Connor CM, Fiuzat M, Carson PE, Anand IS, Plehn JF, Gottlieb SS, Silver MA, Lindenfeld J, Miller AB, White M, Walsh R, Nelson P, Medway A, Davis G, Robertson AD, Port JD, Carr J, Murphy GA, Lazzeroni LC, Abraham WT, Liggett SB, Bristow MR. Combinatorial pharmacogenetic interactions of bucindolol and β1, α2C adrenergic receptor polymorphisms. PloS one. 7(10) : e44324, 2012.
• Vandell AG, Lobmeyer MT, Gawronski BE, Langaee TY, Gong Y, Gums JG, Beitelshees AL, Turner ST, Chapman AB, Cooper-DeHoff RM, Bailey KR, Boerwinkle E, Pepine CJ, Liggett SB, Johnson JA. G protein receptor kinase 4 polymorphisms: β-blocker pharmacogenetics and treatment-related outcomes in hypertension. Hypertension. 60(4) : 957-64, 2012.
• Akhter SA, D''Souza KM, Petrashevskaya NN, Mialet-Perez J, Liggett SB. Myocardial beta1-adrenergic receptor polymorphisms affect functional recovery after ischemic injury. American journal of physiology. Heart and circulatory physiology. 290(4) : H1427-32, 2006.
• Zhao W, Yuan Q, Qian J, Waggoner JR, Pathak A, Chu G, Mitton B, Sun X, Jin J, Braz JC, Hahn HS, Marreez Y, Syed F, Pollesello P, Annila A, Wang HS, Schultz Jel J, Molkentin JD, Liggett SB, Dorn GW, Kranias EG. The presence of Lys27 instead of Asn27 in human phospholamban promotes sarcoplasmic reticulum Ca2+-ATPase superinhibition and cardiac remodeling. Circulation. 113(7) : 995-1004, 2006.
• Parsa A, Chang YP, Kelly RJ, Corretti MC, Ryan KA, Robinson SW, Gottlieb SS, Kardia SL, Shuldiner AR, Liggett SB. Hypertrophy-associated polymorphisms ascertained in a founder cohort applied to heart failure risk and mortality. Clinical and translational science. 4(1) : 17-23, 2011.
• McGraw DW, Liggett SB. Molecular mechanisms of beta2-adrenergic receptor function and regulation. Proceedings of the American Thoracic Society. 2(4) : 292-6; discussion 311-2, 2005.
• Liggett SB. Lymphocyte GRK levels as biomarkers in heart failure. European heart journal. 26(17) : 1695-6, 2005.
• Wang WC, Juan AH, Panebra A, Liggett SB. MicroRNA let-7 establishes expression of beta2-adrenergic receptors and dynamically down-regulates agonist-promoted down-regulation. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. 108(15) : 6246-51, 2011.
• Bochkov YA, Palmenberg AC, Lee WM, Rathe JA, Amineva SP, Sun X, Pasic TR, Jarjour NN, Liggett SB, Gern JE. Molecular modeling, organ culture and reverse genetics for a newly identified human rhinovirus C. Nature medicine. 17(5) : 627-32, 2011.
• Trian T, Burgess JK, Niimi K, Moir LM, Ge Q, Berger P, Liggett SB, Black JL, Oliver BG. β2-Agonist induced cAMP is decreased in asthmatic airway smooth muscle due to increased PDE4D. PloS one. 6(5) : e20000, 2011.
• Tantisira KG, Small KM, Litonjua AA, Weiss ST, Liggett SB. Molecular properties and pharmacogenetics of a polymorphism of adenylyl cyclase type 9 in asthma: interaction between beta-agonist and corticosteroid pathways. Human molecular genetics. 14(12) : 1671-7, 2005.
• Deshpande DA Robinett KS Wang WCH Sham JSK An SS Liggett SB. Reply to: Bronchodilator activity of bitter tastants in human tissue. Nature Medicine. 17(7) : 776-778, 2011.
• Braz JC, Gregory K, Pathak A, Zhao W, Sahin B, Klevitsky R, Kimball TF, Lorenz JN, Nairn AC, Liggett SB, Bodi I, Wang S, Schwartz A, Lakatta EG, DePaoli-Roach AA, Robbins J, Hewett TE, Bibb JA, Westfall MV, Kranias EG, Molkentin JD. PKC-alpha regulates cardiac contractility and propensity toward heart failure. Nature medicine. 10(3) : 248-54, 2004.
• Small KM, Mialet-Perez J, Seman CA, Theiss CT, Brown KM, Liggett SB. Polymorphisms of cardiac presynaptic alpha2C adrenergic receptors: Diverse intragenic variability with haplotype-specific functional effects. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. 101(35) : 13020-5, 2004.
• Robinett KS, Deshpande DA, Malone MM, Liggett SB. Agonist-promoted homologous desensitization of human airway smooth muscle bitter taste receptors. American journal of respiratory cell and molecular biology. 45(5) : 1069-74, 2011.
• Mialet-Perez J, Green SA, Miller WE, Liggett SB. A primate-dominant third glycosylation site of the beta2-adrenergic receptor routes receptors to degradation during agonist regulation. The Journal of biological chemistry. 279(37) : 38603-7, 2004.
• Johnson JA, Liggett SB. Cardiovascular pharmacogenomics of adrenergic receptor signaling: clinical implications and future directions. Clinical pharmacology and therapeutics. 89(3) : 366-78, 2011.
• Liggett SB. The two-timing thyroid. Nature medicine. 10(6) : 582-3, 2004.
• Tantisira KG, Lake S, Silverman ES, Palmer LJ, Lazarus R, Silverman EK, Liggett SB, Gelfand EW, Rosenwasser LJ, Richter B, Israel E, Wechsler M, Gabriel S, Altshuler D, Lander E, Drazen J, Weiss ST. Corticosteroid pharmacogenetics: association of sequence variants in CRHR1 with improved lung function in asthmatics treated with inhaled corticosteroids. Human molecular genetics. 13(13) : 1353-9, 2004.
• Liggett SB. Phosphorylation barcoding as a mechanism of directing GPCR signaling. Science signaling. 4(185) : pe36, 2011.
• Nagele P, Liggett SB. Genetic variation, β-blockers, and perioperative myocardial infarction. Anesthesiology. 115(6) : 1316-27, 2011.
• Dockstader K, Nunley K, Karimpour-Fard A, Medway A, Nelson P, Port JD, Liggett SB, Bristow MR, Sucharov CC. Temporal analysis of mRNA and miRNA expression in transgenic mice overexpressing Arg- and Gly389 polymorphic variants of the β1-adrenergic receptor. Physiological genomics. 43(23) : 1294-306, 2011.
• Liggett SB. Polymorphisms of beta-adrenergic receptors in heart failure. The American journal of medicine. 117(7) : 525-7, 2004.
• Duan QL, Gaume BR, Hawkins GA, Himes BE, Bleecker ER, Klanderman B, Irvin CG, Peters SP, Meyers DA, Hanrahan JP, Lima JJ, Litonjua AA, Tantisira KG, Liggett SB. Regulatory haplotypes in ARG1 are associated with altered bronchodilator response. American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine. 183(4) : 449-54, 2011.
• Lalchandani SG, Zhang X, Hong SS, Liggett SB, Li W, Moore BM, Miller DD, Feller DR. Medetomidine analogs as selective agonists for the human alpha2-adrenoceptors. Biochemical pharmacology. 67(1) : 87-96, 2004.
• Wang WC, Schillinger RM, Malone MM, Liggett SB. Paradoxical attenuation of β2-AR function in airway smooth muscle by Gi-mediated counterregulation in transgenic mice overexpressing type 5 adenylyl cyclase. American journal of physiology. Lung cellular and molecular physiology. 300(3) : L472-8, 2011.
• Israel E, Chinchilli VM, Ford JG, Boushey HA, Cherniack R, Craig TJ, Deykin A, Fagan JK, Fahy JV, Fish J, Kraft M, Kunselman SJ, Lazarus SC, Lemanske RF, Liggett SB, Martin RJ, Mitra N, Peters SP, Silverman E, Sorkness CA, Szefler SJ, Wechsler ME, Weiss ST, Drazen JM. Use of regularly scheduled albuterol treatment in asthma: genotype-stratified, randomised, placebo-controlled cross-over trial. Lancet. 364(9444) : 1505-12, 2004.
• Liggett SB. Genetically modified mouse models for pharmacogenomic research. Nature reviews. Genetics. 5(9) : 657-63, 2004.
• Hahn HS, Marreez Y, Odley A, Sterbling A, Yussman MG, Hilty KC, Bodi I, Liggett SB, Schwartz A, Dorn GW. Protein kinase Calpha negatively regulates systolic and diastolic function in pathological hypertrophy. Circulation research. 93(11) : 1111-9, 2003.
• Gaussin V, Tomlinson JE, Depre C, Engelhardt S, Antos CL, Takagi G, Hein L, Topper JN, Liggett SB, Olson EN, Lohse MJ, Vatner SF, Vatner DE. Common genomic response in different mouse models of beta-adrenergic-induced cardiomyopathy. Circulation. 108(23) : 2926-33, 2003.
• Gerson MC, Wagoner LE, McGuire N, Liggett SB. Activity of the uptake-1 norepinephrine transporter as measured by I-123 MIBG in heart failure patients with a loss-of-function polymorphism of the presynaptic alpha2C-adrenergic receptor. Journal of nuclear cardiology : official publication of the American Society of Nuclear Cardiology. 10(6) : 583-9, 2003.
• Liggett SB. Polymorphisms of adrenergic receptors: variations on a theme. Assay and drug development technologies. 1(2) : 317-26, 2003.
• Mialet Perez J, Rathz DA, Petrashevskaya NN, Hahn HS, Wagoner LE, Schwartz A, Dorn GW, Liggett SB. Beta 1-adrenergic receptor polymorphisms confer differential function and predisposition to heart failure. Nature medicine. 9(10) : 1300-5, 2003.
• Rathz DA, Gregory KN, Fang Y, Brown KM, Liggett SB. Hierarchy of polymorphic variation and desensitization permutations relative to beta 1- and beta 2-adrenergic receptor signaling. The Journal of biological chemistry. 278(12) : 10784-9, 2003.
• Small KM, McGraw DW, Liggett SB. Pharmacology and physiology of human adrenergic receptor polymorphisms. Annual review of pharmacology and toxicology. 43: 381-411, 2003.
• Small KM, Tanguay DA, Nandabalan K, Zhan P, Stephens JC, Liggett SB. Gene and protein domain-specific patterns of genetic variability within the G-protein coupled receptor superfamily. American journal of pharmacogenomics : genomics-related research in drug development and clinical practice. 3(1) : 65-71, 2003.
• Haghighi K, Kolokathis F, Pater L, Lynch RA, Asahi M, Gramolini AO, Fan GC, Tsiapras D, Hahn HS, Adamopoulos S, Liggett SB, Dorn GW, MacLennan DH, Kremastinos DT, Kranias EG. Human phospholamban null results in lethal dilated cardiomyopathy revealing a critical difference between mouse and human. The Journal of clinical investigation. 111(6) : 869-76, 2003.
• Cuajungco MP, Ando Y, Axelrod FB, Biaggioni I, Goldstein DS, Guttmacher AE, Gwinn-Hardy K, Hahn MK, Hilz MJ, Jacob G, Jens J, Kennedy WR, Liggett SB, O''Connor DT, Peltzer SR, Robertson D, Rubin BY, Scudder Q, Smith LJ, Sonenshein GE, Svejstrup JQ, Xu Y, Slaugenhaupt SA. Hereditary dysautonomias: current knowledge and collaborations for the future. Clinical autonomic research : official journal of the Clinical Autonomic Research Society. 13(3) : 180-95, 2003.
• McGraw DW, Almoosa KF, Paul RJ, Kobilka BK, Liggett SB. Antithetic regulation by beta-adrenergic receptors of Gq receptor signaling via phospholipase C underlies the airway beta-agonist paradox. The Journal of clinical investigation. 112(4) : 619-26, 2003.
• Small KM, Brown KM, Theiss CT, Seman CA, Weiss ST, Liggett SB. An Ile to Met polymorphism in the catalytic domain of adenylyl cyclase type 9 confers reduced beta2-adrenergic receptor stimulation. Pharmacogenetics. 13(9) : 535-41, 2003.
• Liggett SB. Update on current concepts of the molecular basis of beta2-adrenergic receptor signaling. The Journal of allergy and clinical immunology. 110(6 Suppl) : S223-7, 2002.
• Liggett SB. Polymorphisms of the beta2-adrenergic receptor. The New England journal of medicine. 346(7) : 536-8, 2002.
• Liang M, Eason MG, Theiss CT, Liggett SB. Phosphorylation of Ser360 in the third intracellular loop of the alpha2A-adrenoceptor during protein kinase C-mediated desensitization. European journal of pharmacology. 437(1-2) : 41-6, 2002.
• Small KM, Rathz DA, Liggett SB. Identification of adrenergic receptor polymorphisms. Methods in enzymology. 343: 459-75, 2002.
• Rathz DA, Brown KM, Kramer LA, Liggett SB. Amino acid 49 polymorphisms of the human beta1-adrenergic receptor affect agonist-promoted trafficking. Journal of cardiovascular pharmacology. 39(2) : 155-60, 2002.
• Small KM, Wagoner LE, Levin AM, Kardia SL, Liggett SB. Synergistic polymorphisms of beta1- and alpha2C-adrenergic receptors and the risk of congestive heart failure. The New England journal of medicine. 347(15) : 1135-42, 2002.
• Wagoner LE, Craft LL, Zengel P, McGuire N, Rathz DA, Dorn GW, Liggett SB. Polymorphisms of the beta1-adrenergic receptor predict exercise capacity in heart failure. American heart journal. 144(5) : 840-6, 2002.
• Lalchandani SG, Lei L, Zheng W, Suni MM, Moore BM, Liggett SB, Miller DD, Feller DR. Yohimbine dimers exhibiting selectivity for the human alpha 2C-adrenoceptor subtype. The Journal of pharmacology and experimental therapeutics. 303(3) : 979-84, 2002.
• Small KM, Seman CA, Castator A, Brown KM, Liggett SB. False positive non-synonymous polymorphisms of G-protein coupled receptor genes. FEBS letters. 516(1-3) : 253-6, 2002.
• Liang M, Freedman NJ, Theiss CT, Liggett SB. Serine 232 of the alpha(2A)-adrenergic receptor is a protein kinase C-sensitive effector coupling switch. Biochemistry. 40(49) : 15031-7, 2001.
• Silverman ES, Liggett SB, Gelfand EW, Rosenwasser LJ, Baron RM, Bolk S, Weiss ST, Drazen JM. The pharmacogenetics of asthma: a candidate gene approach. The pharmacogenomics journal. 1(1) : 27-37, 2001.
• Small KM, Brown KM, Forbes SL, Liggett SB. Polymorphic deletion of three intracellular acidic residues of the alpha 2B-adrenergic receptor decreases G protein-coupled receptor kinase-mediated phosphorylation and desensitization. The Journal of biological chemistry. 276(7) : 4917-22, 2001.
• Dash R, Kadambi V, Schmidt AG, Tepe NM, Biniakiewicz D, Gerst MJ, Canning AM, Abraham WT, Hoit BD, Liggett SB, Lorenz JN, Dorn GW, Kranias EG. Interactions between phospholamban and beta-adrenergic drive may lead to cardiomyopathy and early mortality. Circulation. 103(6) : 889-96, 2001.
• Liggett SB. Pharmacogenetic applications of the Human Genome project. Nature medicine. 7(3) : 281-3, 2001.
• Liggett SB. Beta-adrenergic receptors in the failing heart: the good, the bad, and the unknown. The Journal of clinical investigation. 107(8) : 947-8, 2001.
• Israel E, Drazen JM, Liggett SB, Boushey HA, Cherniack RM, Chinchilli VM, Cooper DM, Fahy JV, Fish JE, Ford JG, Kraft M, Kunselman S, Lazarus SC, Lemanske RF, Martin RJ, McLean DE, Peters SP, Silverman EK, Sorkness CA, Szefler SJ, Weiss ST, Yandava CN. Effect of polymorphism of the beta(2)-adrenergic receptor on response to regular use of albuterol in asthma. International archives of allergy and immunology. 124(1-3) : 183-6, 2001.
• Small KM, Brown KM, Forbes SL, Liggett SB. Modification of the beta 2-adrenergic receptor to engineer a receptor-effector complex for gene therapy. The Journal of biological chemistry. 276(34) : 31596-601, 2001.
• Green SA, Rathz DA, Schuster AJ, Liggett SB. The Ile164 beta(2)-adrenoceptor polymorphism alters salmeterol exosite binding and conventional agonist coupling to G(s). European journal of pharmacology. 421(3) : 141-7, 2001.
• Small KM, Liggett SB. Identification and functional characterization of alpha(2)-adrenoceptor polymorphisms. Trends in pharmacological sciences. 22(9) : 471-7, 2001.
• McGraw DW, Fukuda N, James PF, Forbes SL, Woo AL, Lingrel JB, Witte DP, Matthay MA, Liggett SB. Targeted transgenic expression of beta(2)-adrenergic receptors to type II cells increases alveolar fluid clearance. American journal of physiology. Lung cellular and molecular physiology. 281(4) : L895-903, 2001.
• Drysdale CM, McGraw DW, Stack CB, Stephens JC, Judson RS, Nandabalan K, Arnold K, Ruano G, Liggett SB. Complex promoter and coding region beta 2-adrenergic receptor haplotypes alter receptor expression and predict in vivo responsiveness. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. 97(19) : 10483-8, 2000.
• Dorn GW, Tepe NM, Wu G, Yatani A, Liggett SB. Mechanisms of impaired beta-adrenergic receptor signaling in G(alphaq)-mediated cardiac hypertrophy and ventricular dysfunction. Molecular pharmacology. 57(2) : 278-87, 2000.
• Small KM, Forbes SL, Brown KM, Liggett SB. An asn to lys polymorphism in the third intracellular loop of the human alpha 2A-adrenergic receptor imparts enhanced agonist-promoted Gi coupling. The Journal of biological chemistry. 275(49) : 38518-23, 2000.
• McGraw DW, Forbes SL, Mak JC, Witte DP, Carrigan PE, Leikauf GD, Liggett SB. Transgenic overexpression of beta(2)-adrenergic receptors in airway epithelial cells decreases bronchoconstriction. American journal of physiology. Lung cellular and molecular physiology. 279(2) : L379-89, 2000.
• Israel E, Drazen JM, Liggett SB, Boushey HA, Cherniack RM, Chinchilli VM, Cooper DM, Fahy JV, Fish JE, Ford JG, Kraft M, Kunselman S, Lazarus SC, Lemanske RF, Martin RJ, McLean DE, Peters SP, Silverman EK, Sorkness CA, Szefler SJ, Weiss ST, Yandava CN. The effect of polymorphisms of the beta(2)-adrenergic receptor on the response to regular use of albuterol in asthma. American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine. 162(1) : 75-80, 2000.
• Jewell-Motz EA, Small KM, Theiss CT, Liggett SB. alpha 2A/alpha 2C-adrenergic receptor third loop chimera show that agonist interaction with receptor subtype backbone establishes G protein-coupled receptor kinase phosphorylation. The Journal of biological chemistry. 275(37) : 28989-93, 2000.
• Liggett SB. The pharmacogenetics of beta2-adrenergic receptors: relevance to asthma. The Journal of allergy and clinical immunology. 105(2 Pt 2) : S487-92, 2000.
• Hoit BD, Suresh DP, Craft L, Walsh RA, Liggett SB. beta2-adrenergic receptor polymorphisms at amino acid 16 differentially influence agonist-stimulated blood pressure and peripheral blood flow in normal individuals. American heart journal. 139(3) : 537-42, 2000.
• Small KM, Forbes SL, Rahman FF, Liggett SB. Fusion of beta 2-adrenergic receptor to G alpha s in mammalian cells: identification of a specific signal transduction species not characteristic of constitutive activation or precoupling. Biochemistry. 39(10) : 2815-21, 2000.
• Tepe NM, Liggett SB. Functional receptor coupling to Gi is a mechanism of agonist-promoted desensitization of the beta2-adrenergic receptor. Journal of receptor and signal transduction research. 20(1) : 75-85, 2000.
• Liggett SB. beta(2)-adrenergic receptor pharmacogenetics. American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine. 161(3 Pt 2) : S197-201, 2000.
• Liggett SB, Tepe NM, Lorenz JN, Canning AM, Jantz TD, Mitarai S, Yatani A, Dorn GW. Early and delayed consequences of beta(2)-adrenergic receptor overexpression in mouse hearts: critical role for expression level. Circulation. 101(14) : 1707-14, 2000.
• Wagoner LE, Craft LL, Singh B, Suresh DP, Zengel PW, McGuire N, Abraham WT, Chenier TC, Dorn GW, Liggett SB. Polymorphisms of the beta(2)-adrenergic receptor determine exercise capacity in patients with heart failure. Circulation research. 86(8) : 834-40, 2000.
• Small KM, Forbes SL, Rahman FF, Bridges KM, Liggett SB. A four amino acid deletion polymorphism in the third intracellular loop of the human alpha 2C-adrenergic receptor confers impaired coupling to multiple effectors. The Journal of biological chemistry. 275(30) : 23059-64, 2000.
• Yan L, Galinsky RE, Bernstein JA, Liggett SB, Weinshilboum RM. Histamine N-methyltransferase pharmacogenetics: association of a common functional polymorphism with asthma. Pharmacogenetics. 10(3) : 261-6, 2000.
• Liggett SB. Pharmacogenetics of beta-1- and beta-2-adrenergic receptors. Pharmacology. 61(3) : 167-73, 2000.
• McGraw DW, Liggett SB. Coding block and 5 leader cistron polymorphisms of the beta2-adrenergic receptor. Clinical and experimental allergy : journal of the British Society for Allergy and Clinical Immunology. 29 Suppl 4: 43-5, 1999.
• Tepe NM, Lorenz JN, Yatani A, Dash R, Kranias EG, Dorn GW, Liggett SB. Altering the receptor-effector ratio by transgenic overexpression of type V adenylyl cyclase: enhanced basal catalytic activity and function without increased cardiomyocyte beta-adrenergic signalling. Biochemistry. 38(50) : 16706-13, 1999.
• McGraw DW, Forbes SL, Kramer LA, Witte DP, Fortner CN, Paul RJ, Liggett SB. Transgenic overexpression of beta(2)-adrenergic receptors in airway smooth muscle alters myocyte function and ablates bronchial hyperreactivity. The Journal of biological chemistry. 274(45) : 32241-7, 1999.
• Liggett SB. Plastic adenylyl cyclase. American journal of respiratory cell and molecular biology. 21(5) : 564-6, 1999.